Vishnu Karle

The case of Raj Narain vs. then-Prime Minister Indira Gandhi is still remembered as one of the most significant and high-profile decisions in Indian history. The entire case centred around Indira Gandhi's election in her Rae Bareilly constituency. While Indira Gandhi won by a large margin, the opposition accused her of electoral fraud. A number of constitutional complexities were explored at length in the sequence of appeals and cross-appeals that followed, and it was the first time a constitutional amendment was struck down by applying the doctrine of basic structure won in the Kesavanada Bharati case. Factual Background of the Case Indira Gandhi of the Congress Party ran against Raj Narain of the Janta Party for the seat of Rae Bareilly in Uttar Pradesh during the 1971 general elections. By a large margin of votes, Congress won. Raj Narain felt confident in his victory and chose to challenge Indira Gandhi's election in the Allahabad High Court on seven grounds, alleging elect

कायद्याने काही ठराविक नातेवाईकांच्या पालनपोषणाची जबाबदारी ठराविक व्यक्तींवर लादलेली आहे. त्या व्यक्तीला ही जबाबदारी डावलता येत नाही. अशा व्यक्तीने नातेवाईकांच्या पालनपोषणात हेळसांड अगर आबाळ केली, तर कायद्याने नातेवाईकांना त्या व्यक्तीकहून पालनपोषणाला लागणारा खर्च मागता येतो. अशा तऱ्हेने पालनपोषणासाठी मिळालेल्या रकमेस कायद्याच्या परिभाषेत पोटगी (मेटेंनेन्स) असे म्हणतात. पोटगीच्या रकमेचा विचार करताना अन्न, वस्त्र व निवारा यांसाठी लागणाऱ्या खर्चाचा विचार होतो. शिवाय शिक्षणासाठी व आरोग्यासाठी आवश्यक वाटणाऱ्या मदतीचा विचार केला जातो. अविवाहित मुलीसाठी पोटगी ठरविताना तिच्या लग्नाप्रीत्यर्थ लागणाऱ्या योग्य खर्चाचाही विचार होतो. हिंदू कायद्यान्वये औरस व अनौरस मुलांना बापाकडून अगर तो असमर्थ असल्यास आईकडून पोटगी मिळते. वृद्ध आईबापांना मुलाकडून तसेच मुलीकडून पोटगी मिळण्याचा अधिकार आहे. विधवा सुनेस मृत नवऱ्याच्या मालमत्तेतून अगर आईवडिलांकडून अथवा मुलांकडून पोटगी मिळणे अशक्य असेल, तर ती सासऱ्याकडून मिळविण्याचा हक्क आहे. एखादा इसम मयत झाल्यावर त्याची मालमत्ता ज्या वारसाच्या हातात असेल, त्याच्यावर मय

      Ukrainian Refugees Today it has been eleven days to the War on Ukraine by Russia. There is no ceasefire yet and Russian forces are marching towards the capital Kyiv. It is the invasion of a sovereign and democratic nation by Russia. Western nations failed to protect Ukraine. Over 1.4 millions Ukrainians have fled the country and took shelter in neighbouring countries such as Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria and in some other European countries.  I was watching a video of one Ukrainian woman who was weeping loudly. She was saying, "Why is this war and for what? Why we are forced to leave our country, own house, brothers and parents?" Any prudent and kind person will certainly cry after watching the videos of fleeing Ukrainians. Russians are destroying their country with bombs. The world is watching this tragedy and doing nothing.  Nothing is more painful than war. Families get apart and someone lose their loved one. War destroy everything. War invites poverty